Not time travel. For starters CCP have said it will never appear in Eve, causes way too many problems. They may be using some kind of virtual reality which employs time dilation for fast research. That is more likely given the mechanical voice of one of the speakers, probably a Navka. They use time sense to indicate the relative tense of something. So reverse time sense, means its something from their history. A phrase like impending time pressure would indicate a sense of urgency.
The Zorya come across as a sort of high council, maybe rulers. An emanation gives a feeling that they are drawn from all 3 Clades. The intruders are basically upsetting their lifestyle. The Struggle is ambiguous, gets a mention in Templar One possibly. Depending on how you look at it it is either New Eden, or the Abyss itself, not where they actually live. They used to live in the ancient domains but they were closed off and lost some time ago. The Convocation of Triglav Outside the Struggle is used a lot, and its generally agreed that it refers to the main body of the Triglavian people as a whole.