The Astero is it’s own category, I wouldn’t really compare that to the T2 explorers.
It’s much more capable in combat, has lower scan bonuses, less warp speed and cannot be nullified so it gets caught by bubbles.
It’s better to compare the Cheetah with the other T2 explorers, and there the Cheetah does have some strengths, even if it isn’t the most popular T2 explorer.
Personally I like the Helios, not only because I like flying Gallente ships whenever I can, but also because of a combination of factors. Like the Buzzard the Helios has 5 mids, which is pretty useful for exploring, but like the Anathema it also has plenty of powergrid so that it can fit a 5MN without problems, unlike the Cheetah and Buzzard.
The Buzzard too is a popular explorer because of the 5 mid slots and scan deviation bonus, as well as the high amount of CPU that makes fitting an expanded probe launcher easier.
The Anathema has a similar deviation bonus as the Buzzard, the benefit of lots of powergrid, but never really stood out to me.
The Cheetah has some niche advantages the others do not have:
- it is by far the fastest cloaked ship in the game and can reach 824m/s with overdrives
- it has the largest cargohold of the four, and 4 low slots to expand it
Although I have used the Cheetah for each of these purposes, it’s rare for these strengths to matter for regular exploration though.
For regular exploration I like this fit:
[Helios, Helios Explo]
Inertial Stabilizers II
Inertial Stabilizers II
Nanofiber Internal Structure II
5MN Quad LiF Restrained Microwarpdrive
Scan Acquisition Array II
Scan Rangefinding Array II
Relic Analyzer II
Data Analyzer II
Core Probe Launcher II, Sisters Core Scanner Probe
Covert Ops Cloaking Device II
Interdiction Nullifier I
Small Gravity Capacitor Upgrade II
Small Hyperspatial Velocity Optimizer II
Warrior II x1
Sisters Core Scanner Probe x16
… which as you say has more EHP than a Cheetah and has an extra mid slot for scanning bonuses.
However, this Helios would be a sitting duck if a bomber were to decloak next to it and scram it instantly.
While I haven’t been caught like that yet, I imagine a 10MN Cheetah could zoom out of range to safety with 2705m/s:
[Cheetah, Cheetah Explo]
Nanofiber Internal Structure II
Nanofiber Internal Structure II
Navy Micro Auxiliary Power Core
Navy Micro Auxiliary Power Core
10MN Y-S8 Compact Afterburner
Relic Analyzer II
Data Analyzer II
Scan Rangefinding Array II
Core Probe Launcher II, Sisters Core Scanner Probe
Interdiction Nullifier I
Covert Ops Cloaking Device II
Small Gravity Capacitor Upgrade II
Small Polycarbon Engine Housing I
Sisters Core Scanner Probe x16
… provided that the ship isn’t one-shot due to lack of EHP. With the highest base speed and plenty of low slots for an extra power core the Cheetah is the best pick of the four for an oversized AB. It does give up some things in order for that scram immunity though, but it might be fun to fly.
(Disclaimer: I’ve never flown this Cheetah fit yet, I’ve just had the idea for a while now, still have to try it myself.)
And bonuses aside, if you think you want to fly a Cheetah because it’s Minmatar, because of the name or because of it’s looks, just go for it! I’ve flown the Cheetah for the same reason. Differences between these ships are very minor, don’t let min-maxing get into your way of fun!