Yeah, it will affect invention chance. I also seem to recall that building a lot of the advanced materials (i.e. Antimatter Reactor Unit, Crystalline Carbonide Armor) used in T2 production required a lot of science skills to 3.
Oh, and (iirc) each required skill will affect invention chance (i.e Molecular Engineering, Rocket Science and Minmatar Encryption Methods will all influence the invention chance of prop mods).