Most modern banking systems are nothing more than Ponzi schemes as put to the EU chamber 100 x a year, https://youtu.be/hYzX3YZoMrs?t=7 .
I assume most banks in EvE are too, Only my Eve bank to my knowledge is based on a a different, a system called Bona Vacantia, see here Adeptio Gloriae 2019 Investment Year Begins .
Bona Vacantia still profits on the misfortune of others but they tend to be dead and not coming back so they don’t really care.