First just want to say welcome back!
Glad to hear that you’re giving Eve another chance!
I had a similar experience several years ago when I was just starting out as well. Getting shot and killed by another player, not knowing what’s going on, it can be a bit overwhelming for sure, but you can take what happened and try to learn from it. A lot of it is just getting out there and getting that experience and learning what to do in various situations so you can do what you want to do.
That said, the good thing is that there are also so many resources out there to get you started as well. You can check out the various videos in-game through the help window or even check out all the player made resources as well to help you along the way.
As for clans, or corps in Eve, there are many that you can join that fit your play-style and are also returning/new player friendly. I can’t recommend any one specific corp just because there really is so many, but you can check out the recruitment section of the forums and try to find one that you feel fits what you want and go from there.
Hope this helps you get started back up!
Best of luck out there! 