Switch to Algos instead of catalyst, get highest possible drone skills you can, including their control range, tracking, etc. This is very important.
ECM and damps from NPCs have relatively short range. You cna orbit further and target the ships that use the damps and ECM on you, have your drones take them out from range. Ste the drones to focus fire and agressive. If you get hit with a damp/ecm and lose targets, your drones will still continue on their own as long as they are in control range. Only thing you have to worry about and manage is drone agro and you need to seriously manage that.
If you do stay in a catalyst, make a railgun sniping fit. Use tungsten ammo and meta 4 railguns if you don’t have T2 guns. The DPS is low but its perfectly doable to kite these. Switch to anti-matter ammo once you eliminate the mobs that dampen/ecm you.
Tip: you really need to learn to use transversals for this sort of stuff. Back in my day I used to run L3 missions in catalysts before I could train up my cruisers.