A few things you can get into really easily:
PvP:
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Buy a bunch of frigates, fly into low-/nullsec and get yourself blown up. Think about if/how you could have avoided or maybe even won this. Rinse, repeat. This works both solo and in a gang, and has pretty much no requirements.
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Join a Nullsec blob, read their Forums to figure out which ships they want in their fleets. Stock a few of those and wait for a fleet to go out. Join them, and then do what the fleetcommander says. You need to be able to put up with a bunch of silly rules, diplomacy and other people, but the bar of entry is still very low. This is very much a group activity, but it will also open up some opportunities for solo PvP and a variety of (very profitable) PvE activities.
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Buy a bunch of Catalysts, fit them cheaply with blasters and damage mods. Warp in on an unsuspecting squishy target in Highsec and open fire until something blows up. This can also be done both solo and with friends, but you may want to have at least one friend (or alt character) that can scoop the loot afterwards. You should learn which targets actually are squishy enough, you will get blown up by CONCORD, and you will over time destroy your security status and have to move very quickly in order to still be able to do anything in high sec, but other than that, there’s still not a lot you need to have or know to do this.
PvE:
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Fly missions in Highsec. If you follow the usual progression (level 1, 2, 3, 4), there’s nothing to it. This can be done in a small gang, but it’s usually more efficient when done solo. It’s boring (ymmv) and not very profitable, but if you are at least a little careful, it’s comparatively safe, and you can start with pretty much nothing.
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Fit a probe launcher, fly through highsec (or low or even null, if you prefer. it’s riskier, but the loot is generally better as well) and try to scan down sites. The combat sites come in different varieties and difficulty levels, so you may want to read up on those (or just try them out at the risk of getting blown up). You will have to learn how to probe, which isn’t hard, but not very intuitive. Many people have a bit of trouble with that at first, but it should not be too much of a hurdle. There are combat sites available that you can run for bounties and loot, as well as Data and Relic sites that have “containers” for you that you can unlock with a module for a bit of loot. There’s also a good chance that you will have to compete with other players for these sites, and sometimes there’s even an opportunity for PvP. This is best done solo.
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Buy a Venture or a mining barge, fit mining lasers, find an asteroid belt, and start mining. Very boring (or soothing, depending on who you ask) and (especially right now) not very profitable. You may also get targeted by certain ne’er-do-wells, but they can usually be repelled by fitting a tank and not using overly expensive equipment.
"Crafting"/Production:
Until you have a good set of skills and knowledge in the field, and ideally access to the infrastructure required: Forget about it! You will not be able to compete in the market with more experienced players, and you will only operate at a loss.
There are many more activities available. I have only listed a few that came to mind that have pretty much no bar of entry and that you can start right away. You can pretty much try all of them in a couple of days (except maybe the null blob - joining one usually takes a couple of days) and you have to invest barely anything. The best thing, though, would be to find other players and just ask them what they are doing. Many will be happy to tell you how whatever their pet fad is works.